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You*ve read about Panama Offshore Corporations and Trusts. Their main purposes are to Protect your Assets and provide you with Privacy regarding your financial affairs. Let's explore the ultimate in protection and privacy.

The Complete Offshore Structure is a combination of Panamanian legal entities. A Private Interest Foundation owns an Offshore Corporation. This is the utmost in Asset Protection, Privacy, Anonymity, and Convenience!

Here's How It Works: The Panama Corporation owns all major assets (real estate, commercial businesses, commercial bank accounts, etc.). The Foundation acts as a holding company for the Corporation. The Foundation also holds passive investment accounts and bank accounts.

What is a Foundation? The Panamanian Private Interest Foundation is a legal entity which acts like a Trust and operates like a Corporation. Law No. 25 of June 12, 1995 created and regulates Panama Private Interest Foundations.

The Panama Private Interest Foundation is based on Private Interest Foundation models from three different jurisdictions: Liechtenstein, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. Panama carefully designed the Panama Private Interest Foundation as a more modern, flexible, and affordable Asset Protection & Estate Planning vehicle for people worldwide.

Non-Profit: The law specifically states "private foundations shall not be profit oriented." Exception: Foundations may engage in commercial activities on a non-habitual basis or own shares of business companies and receive passive income * such as from rental properties or dividends.

Foundation Structure: The Private Interest Foundation has four main components:

1. Founder: The founder creates the Foundation in the Panama Public Registry.

2. Foundation Council: The council serves the same function as directors do for a corporation. The council's member names and passport numbers are registered in the Panama Public Registry when the Foundation is incorporated. In order to protect the privacy of clients, law firms generally provide a nominee (straw man) council, and provide pre-signed, undated letters of resignation from the nominee council. Thus, the council has no control.

3. Protector: The Protector ultimately controls the Foundation. When the Foundation is created, the council appoints a Protector through a notarized Private Protectorate Document. Since the document is private & non-publicly registered, the Protector remains 100% anonymous. Thus, the Protector has full control over the Foundation and all of its assets.

4. Beneficiaries: The Beneficiaries are appointed through a Private Letter of Wishes, written by the Protector. The Letter of Wishes is a private document keeping the beneficiaries 100% anonymous. Only the Protector can change or modify The Letter of Wishes.

Registered Agent: The Act requires that every Foundation have a registered agent, who must be either a Panamanian lawyer or law firm.

Capitalization: Only US$10,000 is required as the initial endowment of a Foundation.

FOUNDATION PURPOSES: There are 4 purposes for a Foundation.

1. Holding Entity for the Corporation: A Foundation has no corporate shares. The Foundation can be the sole share holder of your corporation. You control the Foundation anonymously through a Private Protectorate role. As Protector, you appoint the beneficiaries through a private Letter of Wishes. Since the Protector and the Beneficiaries are both appointed through non-public (private) documents, they remain 100% anonymous.

2. Beneficial Owner when Opening Bank Accounts: Due to the global scare of terrorism, most offshore tax haven jurisdictions implemented laws requiring their banks to obtain "declarations of beneficial ownership" when establishing corporate bank accounts. In Panama, the banks maintain this information with rigorous confidentiality under their strictly enforced bank secrecy laws. If an owner wishes to remain anonymous, the Foundation can serve as the beneficial owner. The nominee Foundation council can sign the declarations on behalf of the Foundation keeping the true owner 100% anonymous.

3. Distribution of Your Assets to Your Heirs: Under Panamanian laws, no one may freeze a Foundation's assets under any circumstances - providing the ultimate asset protection vehicle. The Panama Private Interest Foundation is specifically designed to cherish, protect, and distribute your assets to your beneficiaries upon a triggering event, such as your death or incapacity. Your Foundation's Letter of Wishes (written by the Protector) details the Foundations assets, list of beneficiaries, and how and when those assets are to be distributed to the beneficiaries. Since the inheritance comes from outside of the beneficiary's domestic country, the inherited assets are not subject to any of the standard taxes and legal procedures. Through the Foundation, your heirs will receive their inheritance free of probate, gift taxes, estate taxes, inheritance taxes, or legal delays.

4. Facilitates the Transfer of Funds Offshore, and the Return of those Funds back Onshore: Since the Foundation is a non-profit entity, it may receive donations, and it may give donations/grants, etc. to anyone you choose. Hence, you can donate your funds to the Foundation. In turn, the Foundation can provide educational grants, charitable donations, etc. to anyone you choose.

To Summarize: Foundations Protect Your Assets, act as your Holding Company, provide total Estate Planning, and act as a Charitable Entity.

Rights of Heirs: Under Panamanian law, the founder's heirs do not have a right to revoke the creation of the Foundation, or the right to object to the transfer of properties to the Foundation. The laws of the founder's country regarding intestacy have no bearing on the validity of the Foundation * ensuring the Foundation's objectives will be honoured even in the event of the founder's death.

Features and Benefits

Some of the other features and benefits of a Foundation are as follows:

Limited Liability

A Foundation holds its own assets and liabilities separate from those of the founder or any other person. The founder and the Foundation cannot be held responsible for the debts of one another, except where the founder has administered the Foundation in a way that ignores the separate identity of the Foundation. In such a case, a creditor of the founder might be able to invade the Foundation's assets. In contrast, the Trustee of a Trust (who often is the grantor/creator) may have unlimited personal liability for the obligations of the Trust.

Minimal Public Disclosure

Other than the ministerial act of accepting a proper Memorandum of Foundation for filing, no government approval or action is required for the establishment of a Foundation. The Regulations of a Foundation, under which it operates, are not required to be filed in any public office or registry. No governmental agency supervises or oversees the management and operation of a Foundation. No reports concerning a Foundation's activities, its income or financial condition or the names of its beneficiaries are required to be filed with any governmental agency.

Avoidance of Testamentary Formalities

Upon the death of the Founder, all of his/her assets can be transferred to the Foundation eliminating the need for a will and probate.

Privacy of Assets

Except for the initial endowment of US$10,000, there are no public records as to the assets of a Foundation. There is no obligation for the filing of any public instrument with respect to an increase in the endowment and no filing of financial statements.

In Conclusion: A Panama Private Interest Foundation has many advantages over a Trust. Limited Liability, greater Privacy, elimination of a Will and Probate, less Public Exposure, and Charitable functions are some of these advantages. Panama's Public Interest Foundation law, Corporation laws, and strict Banking secrecy laws combine to provide one with the utmost in Asset Protection and Privacy.